论文标题
RISO:将刚性握手与柔软的可切换粘合剂相结合
RISO: Combining Rigid Grippers with Soft Switchable Adhesives
论文作者
论文摘要
帮助人类的机器人武器应该能够拾起,移动和释放日常物体。当今的辅助机器人武器使用刚性握手在手指之间捏住物品;尽管这些刚性握手非常适合大型和重物,但它们通常很难掌握小,众多或精致的物品(例如食物)。柔软的抓地力覆盖了光谱的另一端;这些握手使用粘合剂或改变形状来包裹小物品和不规则物品,但不能施加操纵重物所需的大力量。在本文中,我们介绍了刚性(Riso)的握手,将可切换的软粘合剂与标准刚性机制相结合,以实现各种各样的机器人握把。我们通过利用新型的软材料来开发RISO握手,该材料通过气动控制的形状和刚性调整实时改变粘附力。通过将这些柔软的粘合剂安装在刚性手指的底部,我们可以创建一个抓手,可以使用纯刚性的grasps(夹克对象)或纯软grasps(粘附在对象上)与对象相互作用。这种提高的能力需要额外的决策,因此我们制定了一种共享的控制方法,以部分自动化机器人组的运动。在实践中,该控制器将Riso抓紧器对齐,同时推断人想要掌握的对象以及人类想要如何掌握该项目。我们的用户研究表明,Riso Grippers可以从现有数据集中捡起,移动和释放家居项目,并且在人与机器人之间共享控制时,系统可以更成功,有效地执行掌握。在此处查看视频:https://youtu.be/5ulukbycnwg
Robot arms that assist humans should be able to pick up, move, and release everyday objects. Today's assistive robot arms use rigid grippers to pinch items between fingers; while these rigid grippers are well suited for large and heavy objects, they often struggle to grasp small, numerous, or delicate items (such as foods). Soft grippers cover the opposite end of the spectrum; these grippers use adhesives or change shape to wrap around small and irregular items, but cannot exert the large forces needed to manipulate heavy objects. In this paper we introduce RIgid-SOft (RISO) grippers that combine switchable soft adhesives with standard rigid mechanisms to enable a diverse range of robotic grasping. We develop RISO grippers by leveraging a novel class of soft materials that change adhesion force in real-time through pneumatically controlled shape and rigidity tuning. By mounting these soft adhesives on the bottom of rigid fingers, we create a gripper that can interact with objects using either purely rigid grasps (pinching the object) or purely soft grasps (adhering to the object). This increased capability requires additional decision making, and we therefore formulate a shared control approach that partially automates the motion of the robot arm. In practice, this controller aligns the RISO gripper while inferring which object the human wants to grasp and how the human wants to grasp that item. Our user study demonstrates that RISO grippers can pick up, move, and release household items from existing datasets, and that the system performs grasps more successfully and efficiently when sharing control between the human and robot. See videos here: https://youtu.be/5uLUkBYcnwg