论文标题
ALMA2030宽带灵敏度升级
The ALMA2030 Wideband Sensitivity Upgrade
论文作者
论文摘要
宽带灵敏度升级（WSU）是ALMA2030开发路线图的首要任务。 WSU最初将翻倍，最终将ALMA的系统带宽四倍，并通过升级接收器，数字电子和相关器来提高灵敏度。 WSU将对未来的每个Alma观察（无论是连续性还是光谱线科学）提供重大改进。对于2倍带宽升级，连续成像速度将提高3倍，以及提高接收器温度的任何收益。光谱线成像速度将提高2-3倍。对于高光谱分辨率观测值，WSU提供的改进将是最引人注目的，在大多数接收器中，瞬时带宽在0.1-0.2 km/s的分辨率下相关的数量级将增加1-2个数量级。提高的灵敏度和光谱调整掌握将打开新的探索途径，并实现更有效的观察。影响将跨越体现阿尔玛座右铭“寻找我们的宇宙起源”的广泛主题。 WSU将大大扩展原动性磁盘的化学清单，这将对行星形成的方式和何时产生深远的影响。对星际培养基的观察将测量各种分子物种，以建立大量的云，核心和原恒星样品。 WSU还将在高红移时进行有效的星系调查。 WSU的第一个要素将在本十年后期提供，包括宽带2接收器，宽带升级到Band 6，新数字化器和数字传输系统以及新的相关器。其他升级正在研究，包括新开发的ACA光谱仪和对9和10频段的升级。WSU启用的收益将进一步增强ALMA，成为毫米/亚毫米级天文学的世界领先设施。 [简略]
The Wideband Sensitivity Upgrade (WSU) is the top priority initiative for the ALMA2030 Development Roadmap. The WSU will initially double, and eventually quadruple, ALMA's system bandwidth and will deliver improved sensitivity by upgrading the receivers, digital electronics and correlator. The WSU will afford significant improvements for every future ALMA observation, whether it is for continuum or spectral line science. The continuum imaging speed will increase by a factor of 3 for the 2x bandwidth upgrade, plus any gains from improved receiver temperatures. The spectral line imaging speed will improve by a factor of 2-3. The improvements provided by the WSU will be most dramatic for high spectral resolution observations, where the instantaneous bandwidth correlated at 0.1-0.2 km/s resolution will increase by 1-2 orders of magnitude in most receiver bands. The improved sensitivity and spectral tuning grasp will open new avenues of exploration and enable more efficient observations. The impact will span the vast array of topics that embodies ALMA's motto "In Search of our Cosmic Origins". The WSU will greatly expand the chemical inventory of protoplanetary disks, which will have profound implications for how and when planets form. Observations of the interstellar medium will measure a variety of molecular species to build large samples of clouds, cores and protostars. The WSU will also enable efficient surveys of galaxies at high redshift. The first elements of the WSU will be available later this decade, including a wideband Band 2 receiver, a wideband upgrade to Band 6, new digitizers and digital transmission system, and a new correlator. Other upgrades are under study, including the newly developed ACA spectrometer and upgrades to Bands 9 and 10. The gains enabled by the WSU will further enhance ALMA as the world leading facility for millimeter/submillimeter astronomy. [Abridged]
