论文标题

一种用于集成低温量子控制系统的系统设计方法

A system design approach toward integrated cryogenic quantum control systems

论文作者

Prathapan, Mridula, Mueller, Peter, Heim, David, Oropallo, Maria Vittoria, Braendli, Matthias, Francese, Pier Andrea, Kossel, Marcel, Ruffino, Andrea, Zota, Cezar, Cha, Eunjung, Morf, Thomas

论文摘要

在本文中,我们为大型量子系统的控制电子设计设计提供了系统级别的观点。具有高保真控制和读数,相干耦合,校准门和可重构电路的量子计算系统预计具有较高的量子体积。低温CMO通过最小化特征大小,降低成本,功耗和实施低延迟误差校正,在实现可扩展量子计算机的实现中起着至关重要的作用。我们实现基于可扩展的馈回控制系统的方法包括基于内存的任意波形发生器(AWG)的设计,宽带射频射频类似物对数字转换器,集成放大器链以及可以与门序列同步的状态鉴别器。在高级CMOS节点(例如7 nm)中实现的数字辅助设计可以从缩放缩放中获得低功率的好处。 Qubit读数链需要数字化之前的几个放大阶段。我们提出了内部内部与CMOS LNA阶段开发的INP HEMT LNA的协整,以在数字化器输入最少的区域的数字化合物输入处获得所需的增益。我们使用HEMT LNA和低温CMOS接收器之间的高阻抗匹配的方法可以放松基于逆变器的CMOS LNA的设计约束,从而朝着完全集成的Qubit读取链铺平了道路。量子状态鉴别器由一个数字信号处理器组成,该数字信号处理器从数字化器输出和预定的阈值中计算Qubit状态。提出的系统实现了基于反馈的最佳控制,以通过串行界面到室温电子设备减轻误差和降低所需的数据速率。

In this paper, we provide a system level perspective on the design of control electronics for large scale quantum systems. Quantum computing systems with high-fidelity control and readout, coherent coupling, calibrated gates, and reconfigurable circuits with low error rates are expected to have superior quantum volumes. Cryogenic CMOS plays a crucial role in the realization of scalable quantum computers, by minimizing the feature size, lowering the cost, power consumption, and implementing low latency error correction. Our approach toward achieving scalable feed-back based control systems includes the design of memory based arbitrary waveform generators (AWG's), wide band radio frequency analog to digital converters, integrated amplifier chain, and state discriminators that can be synchronized with gate sequences. Digitally assisted designs, when implemented in an advanced CMOS node such as 7 nm can reap the benefits of low power due to scaling. A qubit readout chain demands several amplification stages before the digitizer. We propose the co-integration of our in-house developed InP HEMT LNAs with CMOS LNA stages to achieve the required gain at the digitizer input with minimal area. Our approach using high impedance matching between the HEMT LNA and the cryogenic CMOS receiver can relax the design constraints of an inverter-based CMOS LNA, paving the way toward a fully integrated qubit readout chain. The qubit state discriminator consists of a digital signal processor that computes the qubit state from the digitizer output and a pre-determined threshold. The proposed system realizes feedback-based optimal control for error mitigation and reduction of the required data rate through the serial interface to room temperature electronics.

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