论文标题

有效且可扩展的计划,以促进技术女性的劳动力市场过渡

Effective and scalable programs to facilitate labor market transitions for women in technology

论文作者

Athey, Susan, Palikot, Emil

论文摘要

我们描述了低成本(每人约15美元)和可扩展计划的设计,实施和评估,称为挑战,旨在帮助妇女在波兰过渡到技术部门的工作中。该计划可帮助参与者开发投资组合,以展示与工作相关的能力。我们进行了两项独立的评估,一个挑战计划之一,另一个是传统的指导计划 - 指导 - 经验丰富的科技专业人员与受训者单独合作,以支持他们在求职中。利用这两个计划都超额认购的事实,我们随机招生并衡量了它们对在技术领域找到工作的可能性的影响。我们估计指导将在四个月内找到技术工作的可能性从29%增加到42%,挑战从20%增加到29%,而治疗效果不会在12个月内减弱。由于两个程序在实践中都受到限制(只能容纳28%的申请人),因此我们根据申请人特征评估了几种替代优先级规则的有效性。我们发现,根据申请人预测的治疗效果选择申请人的政策将两个程序的平均治疗效果提高到22个百分点。我们进一步分析了替代优先级规则与导师使用的选择相比。我们发现,导师选择的申请人即使没有参加该计划,他们也更有可能获得技术工作,而在优先优先级优先级时,具有与导师选择的申请人相似的申请人的治疗效果大约是一半的效果。

We describe the design, implementation, and evaluation of a low-cost (approximately $15 per person) and scalable program, called Challenges, aimed at aiding women in Poland transition to technology-sector jobs. This program helps participants develop portfolios demonstrating job-relevant competencies. We conduct two independent evaluations, one of the Challenges program and the other of a traditional mentoring program -- Mentoring -- where experienced tech professionals work individually with mentees to support them in their job search. Exploiting the fact that both programs were oversubscribed, we randomized admissions and measured their impact on the probability of finding a job in the technology sector. We estimate that Mentoring increases the probability of finding a technology job within four months from 29% to 42% and Challenges from 20% to 29%, and the treatment effects do not attenuate over 12 months. Since both programs are capacity constrained in practice (only 28% of applicants can be accommodated), we evaluate the effectiveness of several alternative prioritization rules based on applicant characteristics. We find that a policy that selects applicants based on their predicted treatment effects increases the average treatment effect across the two programs to 22 percentage points. We further analyze how alternative prioritization rules compare to the selection that mentors used. We find that mentors selected applicants who were more likely to get a tech job even without participating in the program, and the treatment effect for applicants with similar characteristics to those selected by mentors is about half of the effect attainable when participants are prioritized optimally.

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