论文标题
人口的精密医学 - 希望和炒作公共卫生基因组学
Precision Medicine for the Population-The Hope and Hype of Public Health Genomics
论文作者
论文摘要
公共卫生是最新的生物医学科学，被时尚的绰号“精确”所吸引。倡导“精确公共卫生”（PPH）呼吁采用数据驱动的公共卫生计算方法，利用基因组“大数据”的范围来告知公共卫生决策。然而，像精密医学一样，PPH超出了基因组数据的价值以确定健康结果，但在人群水平上。大型的历史文献表明，过度强调遗传往往会损害服务不足的少数民族和处境不利的社区。通过比较和对比PPH与早期使用大数据和遗传学的尝试，在进步时代（1890-1920）中，我们强调了基因型驱动的预防性公共卫生的一些潜在风险。我们的结论是，通过提出从分子到社会的许多分析中的数据集成的优先级，可以避免这种风险。
Public health is the most recent of the biomedical sciences to be seduced by the trendy moniker "precision." Advocates for "precision public health" (PPH) call for a data-driven, computational approach to public health, leveraging swaths of genomic "big data" to inform public health decision-making. Yet, like precision medicine, PPH oversells the value of genomic data to determine health outcomes, but on a population-level. A large historical literature has shown that over-emphasizing heredity tends to disproportionately harm underserved minorities and disadvantaged communities. By comparing and contrasting PPH with an earlier attempt at using big data and genetics, in the Progressive era (1890-1920), we highlight some potential risks of a genotype-driven preventive public health. We conclude by suggesting that such risks may be avoided by prioritizing data integration across many levels of analysis, from the molecular to the social.
