论文标题
质子自旋结构的强QCD制度测量
A Strong-QCD Regime Measurement of the Proton's Spin Structure
论文作者
论文摘要
强力，量子染色体动力学（QCD）的理论仍然是理解普通物质基本特性的最重要方法之一。然而，在低动量转移Q2下，在强力变得极强的状态下，我们对QCD对普通核子的理解变得朦胧。多种尖端理论，例如手性扰动理论和晶格QCD，在该制度中提供了有价值的预测，但是晶格QCD尚未扩展对这个运动学区域的许多重要数量的预测，而手性扰动理论则面临着在过去几个十年中的中子的实验数据的几个重要分歧。因此，在低能量制度的质子行为中具有实验数据的基准是对质子行为的一种极为重要的，作为对QCD行为的领先理论的检验。 E08-027（G2P）实验于2012年在杰斐逊实验室（Jefferson Lab）进行，目的是收集这些有价值的数据。本文介绍了G2P实验和我在新罕布什尔大学的实验工作的全部细节，以及对分析过程和令人兴奋的基准结果的详细描述，这些结果直接测试了低Q2制度中QCD的所有当前和未来理论。
The theory of the strong force, Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) remains one of the most important ways to understand the fundamental properties of ordinary matter. However, at low momentum transfer Q2, in the regime where the strong force becomes extremely strong, our understanding of QCD for ordinary nucleons becomes hazy. Several cutting edge theories such as Chiral Perturbation Theory and Lattice QCD have provided valuable predictions in this regime, but Lattice QCD has not yet extended predictions of many important quantities to this kinematic region, and Chiral Perturbation Theory has faced several important disagreements with experimental data for the neutron over the last several decades. It is therefore of extreme importance to have a benchmark of experimental data in the low energy regime for the proton's behavior, as a test of leading theories for the behavior of QCD in this regime. The E08-027 (g2p) experiment ran at Jefferson Lab in 2012 with the goal of collecting this valuable data. Full details of the g2p experiment and my experimental work at the University of New Hampshire are presented in this thesis, as well as a detailed description of the analysis process and the exciting benchmark results, which serve as a direct test of all current and future theories of QCD in the low-Q2 regime.
