论文标题

MGII星际培养基吸收对近粉状外球星的测量的影响

Impact of MgII interstellar medium absorption on near-ultraviolet exoplanet transit measurements

论文作者

Sreejith, A. G., Fossati, L., Cubillos, P. E., Ambily, S., France, K.

论文摘要

紫外线(UV)传播光谱探针探测大气逃逸,这对行星大气进化产生了重大影响。如果不明显,则在特定紫外线位置处的星际培养基吸收(ISM)可能会偏向传输深度测量,从而可能影响(非)检测传输光谱中特征。最终,这将连接到所谓的``分辨率偏见''(RLB)效应。我们提出了一项参数研究,该研究量化了在MGII H&K共振线位置(即2802.705Å和2795.528Å)在近乎粉状含量范围内未解决或未考虑的ISM吸收在过境深度测量中的影响。我们考虑不同光谱类型的主要序列恒星,并改变色层发射,ISM吸收和行星吸收的形状和量及其相对速度。我们还评估了通过集成箱和光谱分辨率发挥的作用。我们提出了一种开源工具,使一个工具可以量化未解决或未经考虑的MGII ISM吸收在过境深度测量中的影响。我们进一步将此工具应用于已经或很快的少数几个系统。平均而言,我们发现忽略ISM吸收会导致MGII Transit深度测量值的偏见,可与迄今为止发布的观测值获得的不确定性相当。但是,考虑到ISM吸收诱导的偏差可能是必要的,当分析具有紫外线覆盖范围的空间望远镜获得的观察结果(例如Luvoir,Habex),该观察结果将提供与当前设施(例如HST)相比,它将提供具有明显较小的不确定性的传输光谱。

Ultraviolet (UV) transmission spectroscopy probes atmospheric escape, which has a significant impact on planetary atmospheric evolution. If unaccounted for, interstellar medium absorption (ISM) at the position of specific UV lines might bias transit depth measurements, and thus potentially affect the (non-)detection of features in transmission spectra. Ultimately, this is connected to the so called ``resolution-linked bias'' (RLB) effect. We present a parametric study quantifying the impact of unresolved or unconsidered ISM absorption in transit depth measurements at the position of the MgII h&k resonance lines (i.e. 2802.705 Å and 2795.528 Å respectively) in the near-ultraviolet spectral range. We consider main-sequence stars of different spectral types and vary the shape and amount of chromospheric emission, ISM absorption, and planetary absorption, as well as their relative velocities. We also evaluate the role played by integration bin and spectral resolution. We present an open-source tool enabling one to quantify the impact of unresolved or unconsidered MgII ISM absorption in transit depth measurements. We further apply this tool to a few already or soon to be observed systems. On average, we find that ignoring ISM absorption leads to biases in the MgII transit depth measurements comparable to the uncertainties obtained from the observations published to date. However, considering the bias induced by ISM absorption might become necessary when analysing observations obtained with the next generation space telescopes with UV coverage (e.g. LUVOIR, HABEX), which will provide transmission spectra with significantly smaller uncertainties compared to what obtained with current facilities (e.g. HST).

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