论文标题
对人类呼出的喷雾和气溶胶进行建模，以实现室内环境中空间分辨感染风险的实时估计
Modelling of human exhaled sprays and aerosols to enable real-time estimation of spatially-resolved infection risk in indoor environments
论文作者
论文摘要
提出了对室内空间（例如医院，餐馆，电影院或教学室）中空气中疾病（例如SARS-COV-2）的“实时”估计风险“实时”估算的数值框架。开发的模型基于将计算流体动力学用作房间内的时间平均通风模式的使用，以及用于计算其乘员在“实时”中发出的喷雾剂和气雾剂的分散的后处理工具。该模型可以预测在空气中携带可行病毒拷贝的液滴的分散和浓度，表面污染以及相关的空间分辨感染风险。因此，它可以提供有用的信息，以管理室内环境，例如，最大占用率，每小时的空气变化和表面清洁。这项工作描述了该模型的基本原理及其主要特征。该模型是使用开源软件开发的，被认为是简单，用户友好且高度自动化的，以使任何潜在用户能够对本地感染风险进行估计。
A numerical framework for the 'real-time' estimation of the infection risk from airborne diseases (e.g., SARS-CoV-2) in indoor spaces such as hospitals, restaurants, cinemas or teaching rooms is proposed. The developed model is based on the use of computational fluid dynamics as a pre-processor to obtain the time-averaged ventilation pattern inside a room, and a post-processing tool for the computation of the dispersion of sprays and aerosols emitted by its occupants in 'real time'. The model can predict the dispersion and concentration of droplets carrying viable viral copies in the air, the contamination of surfaces, and the related spatially-resolved infection risk. It may therefore provide useful information for the management of indoor environments in terms of, e.g., maximum occupancy, air changes per hour and cleaning of surfaces. This work describes the fundamentals of the model and its main characteristics. The model was developed using open-source software and is conceived to be simple, user-friendly and highly automated to enable any potential user to perform estimations of the local infection risk.
