ICS 07.060 CCS A 47 湖 43 南 省 地 方 标 准 DB43/T 2055—2021 水上交通气象灾害风险预警 等级划分和评判标准 Classification and Evaluation Criteria for Early Warning of Meteorological Disaster Risk in Watorborne Traffic 2021 - 06 - 02 实施 2021 - 04 - 02 发布 湖南省市场监督管理局 发 布 DB43/T 2055—2021 目 次 前言························································································································ Ⅲ 1 范围 ····················································································································· 1 2 规范性引用文件 ······································································································ 1 3 术语和定义 ············································································································ 1 4 水上交通气象风险预警等级划分一般规则 ····································································· 2 5 水上交通主要气象风险因子及预警等级标准 ·································································· 3 5.1 风 ·················································································································· 3 5.2 能见度 ············································································································ 3 5.3 降雨 ··············································································································· 3 5.4 降雪 ··············································································································· 4 5.5 强对流天气 ······································································································ 4 5.6 冰冻 ··············································································································· 4 5.7 等级判别 ········································································································· 5 附录 A(资料性) ········································································································ 6 表 A.1 蒲福风力等级表 ···························································································· 6 表 A.2 湖南降雨等级 ······························································································· 7 表 A.3 湖南降雪等级 ······························································································· 7 I DB43/T 2055—2021 II DB43/T 2055—2021 前 言 本文件按照 GB/T 1.1—2020《标准化工作导则 第 1 部分:标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规 定起草。 请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。 本文件由湖南省气象局提出。 本文件由湖南省气象标准化技术委员会归口。 本文件起草单位:湖南省气象服务中心、湖南省水运事务中心 本文件主要起草人:郭海峰、廖春花、罗红梅、熊寄林、杨特群、禹伟、江涤非、贾海鹰、刘祥。 本文件首次发布。 III DB43/T 2055—2021 IV DB43/T 2055—2021 水上交通气象灾害风险预警等级划分和评判标准 1 范围 本文件规定了水上交通气象灾害风险预警等级的划分规则和不同预警等级的气象指标判定阈值。 本文件适用于湖南省水上交通气象灾害风险评估与预警。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中,注日期的引用文件, 仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件;不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本 文件。 GB/T 27962—2011 气象灾害预警信号图标 GB/T 28591—2012 风力等级 GB/T 28592—2012 降水量等级 GB/T 33673—2017 水平能见度等级 GB/T 34297—2017 冰冻天气等级 GB/T 21984—2017 短期天气预报 QX/T 333—2016 船舶引航气象条件等级 QX/T 416—2018 强对流天气等级 3 术语和定义 下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 水上交通 watorborne traffic 船舶在通航水域从事航行、停泊和作业以及与内河交通安全有关的活动。 3.2 气象灾害 meteorological disaster 由天气现象对人类的生命财产和国民经济建设及国防建设等造成直接或间接损害的灾害。 3.3 风险预警 risk early warning 根据研究对象的实际情况及风险管理者的经验,合理划分风险预警区间,判断风险量所处状态。 3.4 阵风 gust 一定时段内的最大瞬时风速。 注:单位为米每秒(m/s) 。 [QX/T 21984—2017,定义 2.14] 1 DB43/T 2055—2021 3.5 风力等级 wind scale 根据风对地面(或海面)物体影响程度而定出的等级,用来表示风速的大小。 注:常用的风力等级系英国人蒲福(Beaufort)于 1805 年拟定,故又称“蒲福风级(Beaufort scale) ” ,自零到 十二分十三个等级。自 1946 年以来,风力等级又做了扩充,增加到十八个等级(0-17 级) 。蒲福风力等级见附录 A.1。 [QX/T 21984—2017,定义 2.15] 3.6 水平能见度 visibility 视力正常(眼睛能察觉的最小亮度对比 0.05)的人,在当时的天气条件下,能够从天空背景中看 到和辨认的目标物(黑色,大小适度)的最大水平距离;夜间是指中等强度的发光体能被看到和识别的 最大水平距离。 注:单位为米(m) 。 [GB/T 33673—2017,术语和定义 2.1] 3.7 降水量 precipitation level 某一时段内,从天空降落到地面上的液态(降雨)或固态(降雪) (经融化后)降水,未经蒸发、 渗透、流失而在水平面上积聚的深度。 注:单位为毫米(mm) 。 [QX/T 21984—2017,定义 2.16] 3.8 降水量等级 grad of precipitation 降水量大小的级别标准。 湖南降水量等级见附录 A.2-A.3。 [QX/T 21984—2017,定义 2.17] 3.9 强对流天气 Strong convective weather 强对流天气是大气中对流发展旺盛时天气的总称,一般指短时强降水、雷暴、冰雹、对流性大风、 龙卷等天气现象。 3.10 冰冻 freezing 过冷水滴、雾滴或湿雪与低于 0℃的物体碰撞立即冻结的现象。 注:主要由雨凇、雾凇和冻结的湿雪之一或组合形成 [GB/T 34297—2017,定义 2.4] 4 水上交通气象风险预警等级划分一般规则 水上交通气象风险预警等级从低级到高级依次是:无风险(绿色) 、低风险(蓝色) 、中风险(黄 色) 、高风险(橙色) 、极高风险(红色)五个等级,见表 1。 表 1 水上交通安全气象灾害风险预警等级 2 等级 风险状态 影响程度 颜色表征 Ⅴ级 无风险 基本无影响 绿色 a DB43/T 2055—2021 表 1 水上交通安全气象灾害风险预警等级(续) 等级 风险状态 影响程度 颜色表征 Ⅳ级 低风险 有一定影响 蓝色 b Ⅲ级 中风险 有较大影响 黄色 c Ⅱ级 高风险 有严重影响 橙色 d Ⅰ级 极高风险 有特别严重影响 红色 e a b c d e RGB 值为(0,255,0) ; RGB 值为(0,0,255) ; RGB 值为(255,255,0) ; RGB 值为(255,97,0) ; RGB 值为(255,0,0) ,RGB 代表红、绿、蓝三个通道
DB43-T 2055-2021 水上交通气象灾害风险预警等级划分预评标准 湖南省
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